The 3Hs Modules

Housing

The cage environment limits natural behaviour but is necessary for the management of laboratory rodents. Working within these limits it is however to provide positive welfare interventions.

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Handling

Rodents dislike restraint and yet it is experienced by almost all laboratory animals for routine handling and for procedures. Using refined handling methods and integrate positive reinforcement reduces the distress experienced by the animal and the handler​.

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Habituation

Although naturally fearful of humans both rats and mice can form positive associations with human handling if provided with the opportunity. This makes them easier to manage, benefits their welfare and improves scientific outcomes.​

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